U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is exploring the use of commercial “Big Data” and advertising technology (Ad Tech) to enhance its investigative capabilities. A recent request for information (RFI) published in the Federal Register reveals the agency’s interest in leveraging tools originally designed for digital marketing to support law enforcement activities.
Expanding Data Capabilities
ICE states it is handling growing volumes of data from internal and external sources, including criminal, civil, and administrative records. The agency seeks tools that can analyze this information efficiently, comparing them to existing services offered by major investigative data and legal analytics providers. This move suggests ICE is looking to expand beyond traditional law enforcement databases and tap into commercially available data streams.
Location Data and Privacy Concerns
The RFI specifically mentions “Ad Tech compliant and location data services,” raising questions about how ICE intends to navigate regulatory constraints and privacy expectations. Ad Tech data can include details on devices, apps used, locations, and browsing activity. While the filing lacks specifics, it underscores the growing intersection of commercial surveillance and government law enforcement.
Prior Use of Data Tools
This isn’t the first time ICE has turned to commercial data solutions. The agency has previously contracted with Palantir for its investigative tools (Gotham and FALCON) and purchased location data from companies like Webloc (Penlink) and Venntel (Gravy Analytics). These tools allow ICE to track mobile phones, gather location history, and identify digital devices linked to investigations.
Implications
The shift towards Ad Tech tools signals a trend where law enforcement agencies are increasingly adopting technologies developed for commercial purposes. This raises concerns about data privacy, civil liberties, and the potential for misuse of surveillance tools. ICE maintains it will use these technologies responsibly, respecting privacy interests, but the scope and oversight of these practices remain unclear.
The agency’s interest in Ad Tech underscores the blurring lines between advertising and surveillance, as well as the growing reliance on commercially available data in law enforcement investigations.
